ABSTRACT
The commercial vehicle is required recently to change the power
sources and materials for every part of the vehicle more ecological and for any
environmental problem such as CO2 Emission and air pollution.
The compressed air vehicle (CAV) has been studied for several years,
but it seems difficult at this moment to complete with a commercial vehicle
which uses fossil fuel to get a dynamic performance such as acceleration and
running range. Hence the HYBRID ENGINE with a petrol and
compressed air is considered. The analysis of how the hybrid Engine
runs and its efficiency are carried out by Performance
Test and Exhaust Test.
The hybrid engine concept is used to design an air engine and petrol
engine to provide the torque to Compressor tank. In order to make
this system possible for a compressed air based vehicle, the NONC
SWITCH and TIMER CIRCUIT are connected with compressor tank. Air engine,
Petrol engine and Air compressor are connected in parallelly.
Problem Summary
In Summary, it indicates that Hybrid Engine: (A) has a positive effect on environment and
will increase the efficiency of vehicle, and (B) It can also operate in
petrol-engine-only mode, or petrol and air in combination. The work presented
is of both experimental and theoretical nature with the aim to illustrate the
compressed air is also useful to drive the vehicle with the combination of
petrol.
Hybrid Engine is a promising concept with the
possibility to reduce vehicle fuel consumption as well as exhaust emissions.
The advantages with hybrid engine (Petrol + Air) compared to the electric
hybrid are first and foremost simplicity combined with a great potential for
cost reduction. Initial testing of hybrid engine modes of operation was
conducted.
In spite of the existence of servel techniques like
Hybrid engine which is the combination of Petrol and Electric, the proposed
design of Hybrid engine which is the combination of Petrol and Air remain the
most effective. Indeed, although the capital cost is more as compare to other
engine.
Detailed
Description Problem
Hybrid engines are generally equipped with at least
two prime movers capable of developing mechanical power. One prime mover can be
a thermal engine such as an internal combustion engine, although it is
conceivable that the vehicle could be equipped with a gas turbine or a steam
engine. This engine generates mechanical power from the combustion of a
hydro-carbon fuel. The second prime mover frequently is a dual function system
that can either develop mechanical work or can convert applied mechanical work
to a form which can be stored. One source of mechanical work subject to
conversion for storage can be vehicle kinetic energy captured during braking
(regenerative braking) Another source can be the thermal engine being operated
to supply mechanical work to the second prime mover.
Air Engine can readily function in the role of the
second prime mover. The hybrid system combines a conventional petrol engine and
automatic gearbox with a hydraulic pump and motor that is powered by compressed
air. The Hybrid system can operate in zero emissions air mode, where compressed
air is used to drive the hydraulic motor, which then turns the transmission and
thus the front wheels.
In a parallel hybrid engine, the single electric
motor and the internal combustion engine are installed such that they can power
the vehicle either individually or together. Most commonly the internal
combustion engine, the electric motor and gear box are coupled by automatically
controlled clutches. For electric driving the clutch between the internal
combustion engine is open while the clutch to the gear box is engaged. While in
combustion mode the engine and motor run at the same speed. The Air tank is
supported by an air compressor which may be coupled directly to the internal
combustion engine for operation.
Air suspension systems often provide for automatic
leveling of the vehicle. When a vehicle equipped for automatic leveling is in
the Power take off mode of operation (Petrol engine not running), the chassis’s
position and loading in relation to a suspension level sensor system can
change. Outriggers may be deployed changing the local loading on the individual
air springs. Even without outriggers the load carried by each wheel of the
vehicle can be affected by use of the Power take of application. Under these
circumstances the level sensor system can cause the air suspension system to
inflate. However, in trying to level the vehicle, the air suspension leveling
system can be more useful to the vehicle's supply of compressed air as compare
with petrol.
Under non-hybrid engine applications this inflation
and deflation process is of little consequence because the Petrol engine is
running and typically provides ample surplus power at near idle operation to
turn the chassis's air compressor and thereby maintain sufficient air pressure
and volume for proper suspension. However, in the case of the hybrid engine
mode of operation, once the primary air pressure begins, the petrol supply will
be stop.
Other Hybrid Systems can be present on vehicles
including pneumatically system, Gasoline and Electric system, Gasoline and
compressed natural gas system and the like. Similarly the operation of these
systems can deplete the compressed air charge stored on the vehicle affecting the
operation of the hybrid Petrol and Air system actuated.
EXPECTED OUTCOMES
The expected benefits of the project is to be
carried out using the new hybrid engine concept, Project will accrue to
consumers, firms, and in all level of internal combustion engine through an
improved understanding of the operation and performance of Air engine and
Petrol Engine combination system. Areas of hybrid engine concept emphasis are
the impacts of changes in strategies, technologies, consumer behavior, and
policies on the economic performance of the recently available system, and
economic analysis of private and public strategies that affect improvement in
Vehicle and other quality attributes. The procedures for the hybrid engine project
emphasize understanding of the operation of the Petrol and Air combination
system, and analysis of its performance. Compressed Air is more useful than
Petrol is the keystone of the Project. End goal of this work is to provide road
maps of recently available option to run the vehicle and consequences.
In the next two years, Peugeot Citroen will make new
petrol-air hybrid car. Currently he is working on his project. The benefits of
this improved understanding will principally be felt in improved private and
public decision making and improved performance of the system.
